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Finance

Naira Scarcity Crippling SMEs, Financial Operations as Banks Battle Public Backlash

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If the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) had known that redesigning the N1000, N500 and N200 notes could threaten the economy of the nation as it appears, maybe it would have had a second thought or plan the policy better.

Since the redesign policy came to operation, it has been a litany of woes, not only to the financial institutions in the nation, but to the Small and Medium Scale Enterprises and Businesses.

Checks by Investors King showed that since the scarcity of Naira notes has bedeviled the country, average Nigerians who have accounts at various commercial banks have been left frustrated while some who appeared to have been pushed to the wall, have launched attacks on some banks in some parts of the country.

In Ibadan, some angry bank customers attacked some banks and destroyed Automated Teller Machines (ATMs), vehicles owned by bankers and customers alike because of the inability of the banks to release cash to them.

Notwithstanding the threat of sanctions by the nation’s apex bank, cases of alleged naira hoarding has not abated across the country as revelations of bank managers allegedly hoarding new notes have been hitting the public in torrents.

Officials of CBN had exposed some culpable bank officials and warned them against unethical practices. Also, operatives of the Economic and Financial Commission (EFCC) and Independent Corrupt Practices and Other Related Offences Commission (ICPC) have arrested some bank managers and other principal officers in some parts of the country for allegedly hoarding tye redesigned notes.

Nonetheless, the nation still battles cash scarcity as banks continue to witness crowd of customers who make frantic efforts, even to the point of fighting and engaging in chaos, to withdraw their money.

Apprehensive of customers’ wrath, Investors King gathered that banks’ officials have now improvised a new way of leaving the bank premises without being noticed by angry customers who have refused to the financial institutions environments even after close of work.

In Asaba, Delta State, some bank workers were seen scaling through fence when they could not make cash available for customers who had already been held stranded at the entrance.

While some Nigerians have accused Point of Sales operators of extorting them whenever they want to transact, the operators have justified their acts of increasing their charges.

Operators now charge between N500 and N1000 for N5,000 withdrawal across the country.

Some of the operators who confided in Investors King claimed that they had to pay or in some cases buy the new notes from banks officials, citing these as reasons for the increased charges.

Others said they had to tip some Nigerians to get the money in their through ATMs before they could get money to do business with.

A POS operator who simply identified himself as Adex said, “people should not blame us much because since this naira scarcity started, we go through a lot to get cash to do business with. Sometimes, I have to get my friends’ ATM cards so that I can withdraw the sum of N20000 which is the daily limit of withdraw in order to have enough cash to do business with.

“There is no way I will get ATM cards of people and borrow their money for business that I won’t give them some amount of money. So, the charges that we are collecting are part of the means of settling those whom we have already given tips. My other colleagues have to buy the naira from some bankers before they could work. Those who can’t go through all these things have closed their businesses,” he said.

As a result of failure to get cash, no fewer than 50 per cent of PoS operators have closed their shops.

The National Chief Aggregating Officer of the Association of Mobile Money and Bank Agents in Nigeria, Hussein Olanrewaju, stated that the impact of the ongoing shortage of new and old naira notes had worsened the conditions of their members.

Hussein noted that the ongoing policy meant to swap cash in unbanked areas might not achieve its mandate due to the low number of agents selected for the scheme.

He added that including more agents remained the best solution to easing the financial stress Nigerians were currently facing.

Meanwhile, proferring a headway to the crisis,, Vice President Yemi Osinbajo called on major players in the FinTech space wade in.

Some Civil Societies Coalition and Peoples Advocates have called on President Muhammadu Buhari and the Central Bank of Nigeria to be sensitive to the plights of citizens and arrest the ugly trend.

In their separate interviews, the leaders of the civil societies threatened to mobilise Nigerians in nationwide protest against scarcity of Naira as they lamented that small businesses were already shutting down.

The chairman of Osun Civil Societies Coalition, Waheed Lawal and the Publicity Secretary of Peoples Advocates, Emmanuel Olowu, decried the current hardship Nigerians are battling and informed Buhari that the nation is falling apart under his administration and that if nothing urgent was done to arrest the torturous situation, they would mobilise mass protest in the state.

Lawal said, “While we are not questioning the sincerity of the Federal Government on the financial policy, we are constrained to give volume to the murmuring, groaning and cries of Nigerians who have been badly hit by the economic dragon. Considering the pains being experienced by the common men in getting cash for their livelihood, it would not be out of place to declare that the President Muhammadu Buhari-led Federal Government is inconsiderate and insensitive to the plight of the citizens.

“The Central Bank of Nigeria led by Mr Godwin Emefiele has clearly been playing hide-and-seek game on the circulation of the new naira notes. We acknowledged the fact that there are saboteurs among the top echelon of the banking industries, but the CBN has not also released enough amount of the redesigned denominations to banks through which they can be disbursed to the generality of people. This is responsible for the ridiculous amount of cash being paid to the people over the counter.”

According to Olowu, the redesigning of the naira has turned to unjust punishment for Nigerians, adding that many small scale businesses have collapsed due to cash scarcity.

“Economically, the scarcity of cash has crippled many businesses and further push millions of Nigerians far below the poverty line. Petty traders do no longer make sales because of cash transaction which their trading depends upon. We make bold to say that this financial policy of the Federal Government is doing more harm than good presently. There should have been another way round to maintain a balance between cash control and the wellbeing of the people,” he said.

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Finance

SEC and CIMA Forge Alliance to Enhance Financial Reporting Standards

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In a bid to elevate financial reporting standards within Nigeria’s public institutions, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has announced a strategic partnership with the Chartered Institute of Management Accounting (CIMA).

This collaboration aims to enforce adherence to financial reporting regulations and foster a culture of transparency and accountability across various sectors.

Emomotimi Agama, the Acting Director General of the Securities and Exchange Commission, revealed this development during a recent meeting with a delegation from CIMA in Abuja.

Agama said the SEC ensures ethical financial practices and compliance with reporting standards mandated by law.

He stressed that the commission would vigilantly monitor adherence to these standards and impose penalties for any violations.

“It is a great time that you have come to Nigeria. SEC is saddled with the responsibility of making the initial decision of ensuring that what is right is done and transparency in reporting financial statements by public companies is ensured. It is now law to do so and there are consequences for breaking the law,” Agama remarked.

Sarah Ghosh, the President of CIMA, echoed Agama’s sentiments, emphasizing inclusivity, sustainability, and innovation as the association’s core priorities.

Ghosh highlighted CIMA’s commitment to engaging with regulatory authorities to promote awareness of the association’s values and its potential to enhance financial reporting practices among public firms.

“CIMA is approaching more regulatory bodies to ensure that everyone is allowed to understand what the association stands for and its contribution to enhancing reporting on financial statements of public companies,” Ghosh declared.

The collaboration between SEC and CIMA signifies a proactive approach towards strengthening financial governance and fostering investor confidence in Nigeria’s capital market.

By leveraging CIMA’s expertise and SEC’s regulatory authority, the partnership aims to instill a culture of integrity and accountability in financial reporting processes, ultimately contributing to the country’s economic development.

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Banking Sector

Financial Institutions Racked Up N678m in Fines Last Year

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Financial institutions in Nigeria paid a total of N678 million in fines in the 2023 financial year, according to analysis of their various financial statements.

The analysis examined the annual reports of nine prominent financial groups, including FBN Holdings, Access Holdings, Guaranty Trust Holding Company, Zenith Bank Plc, United Bank for Africa Plc, Fidelity Bank, Wema Bank, Stanbic IBTC Holdings, and FCMB Group.

These reports provided insights into the fines imposed by various regulatory authorities, including the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), the National Insurance Commission, and others.

Compared to the previous year, the total amount of fines paid by these institutions decreased significantly by 89.25% from N6.31 billion in 2022 to N678 million in 2023.

This decline reflects improved regulatory compliance among financial institutions and signals a positive trend toward greater adherence to established guidelines and standards.

Among the financial groups analyzed, Zenith Bank stood out for its increase in penalties compared to the previous year. While the bank had incurred no fines in 2022, it paid N21 million in penalties in 2023.

The penalties levied against Zenith Bank included fines for late rendition of CBN returns, unauthorized employment practices, outstanding auditor recommendations, and compliance checks on politically exposed persons.

Similarly, FBN Holdings reported a decrease in fines paid during the period, totaling N17.26 million compared to N26 million in the previous year.

The fines imposed on FBN Holdings were related to late submission of audited financial statements and non-compliance with regulatory reporting requirements.

Access Holdings also experienced a significant reduction in penalties, with fines decreasing from approximately N604 million in 2022 to N81.60 million in 2023.

Despite the decrease, Access Holdings incurred fines from various regulatory bodies, including the CBN, PenCom, and NGX RegCo, for infractions such as unauthorized advertising, data recapture sanctions, and late filing of financial statements.

Other financial institutions, such as GTCO, UBA Group, Fidelity Bank, Wema Bank, Stanbic IBTC Holdings, and FCMB Group, also reported fines for various regulatory violations, including breaches of transaction rules, late submission of reports, and non-compliance with industry regulations.

The significant decrease in fines paid by financial institutions in 2023 reflects the industry’s commitment to improving regulatory compliance and upholding best practices.

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Finance

Presidential Committee to Exempt 95% of Informal Sector from Taxes

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The Presidential Fiscal Policy and Tax Reforms Committee (PFPTRC) has unveiled plans to exempt a significant portion of the informal sector from taxation.

Chaired by Taiwo Oyedele, the committee aims to alleviate the burden of multiple taxation on small businesses and low-income individuals while fostering economic growth.

The announcement came following the close-out retreat of the PFPTRC in Abuja, where Oyedele addressed reporters over the weekend.

He said the committee is committed to easing the tax burden, particularly for those operating within the informal sector that constitutes a substantial portion of Nigeria’s economy.

Under the proposed reforms, approximately 95% of the informal sector would be granted tax exemptions, sparing them from obligations such as income tax and value-added tax (VAT).

Oyedele stressed the importance of supporting individuals in the informal sector and recognizing their efforts to earn a legitimate living and their contribution to economic development.

The decision was informed by extensive deliberations and data analysis with the committee advocating for a fairer and more equitable tax system.

Oyedele highlighted that individuals earning up to N25 million annually would be exempted from various taxes, aligning with the committee’s commitment to relieving financial pressure on small businesses and low-income earners.

Moreover, the committee emphasized the need for tax reforms to address the prevailing issue of multiple taxation, which disproportionately affects small businesses and the vulnerable population.

By exempting the majority of the informal sector from taxation, the committee aims to stimulate economic growth and promote entrepreneurship.

The proposal for tax reforms is expected to be submitted to the National Assembly by the third quarter of this year, following consultations with the private sector and internal approvals.

The reforms encompass a broad range of measures, including executive orders, regulations, and constitutional amendments, aimed at creating a more conducive environment for business and investment.

In addition to tax exemptions, the committee plans to introduce executive orders and regulations to streamline tax processes and enhance compliance. This includes a new withholding tax regulation exempting small businesses from certain tax obligations, pending ministerial approval.

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