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Forex Intervention: CBN Spends $39bn in 2018

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Dollar to Naira Exchange Rate - Investors King
  • Forex Intervention: CBN Spends $39bn in 2018

The Central Bank of Nigeria spent a total of $39.9 billion on foreign exchange intervention between January and December 2018.

The details contained in the fourth quarter economic report of the CBN revealed that the apex bank used the $39.9 billion to defend the Naira against the U.S. dollar and stimulate economic growth by providing adequate forex liquidity to authorised dealers.

Dealers in the wholesale segment are required to sell forex at a stipulated rate to sectors like the agriculture, manufacturing and Small and Medium Enterprises segment.

The programme also ensures customers in need of tuition fees, medical payments, and basic travel allowance access forex at affordable rates.

A breakdown of the intervention showed that the central bank injected around $10.97 billion into the foreign exchange market in the first quarter of 2018.

The figure dropped to $7.89 billion in the second quarter, while the third quarter saw intervention rising by $3.99 billion to $11.88 billion.

In the fourth quarter, a total of $9.18 billion was injected into the foreign exchange market.

Speaking on forex policy, Prof. Uche Uwaleke, the Head, Department of Finance, Nasarawa State University called on the central bank to explore alternative ways of stimulating the economy.

He said, “There is no doubt that the CBN’s forex policies have helped the growth of local industries in Nigeria. Notable among these is the restriction of access to official forex placed on 41 imported items.

“This measure was not only in support of the Federal Government’s import substitution strategy, but it was also a demand- management strategy, which helped to conserve scarce forex, especially during the period of oil price slump.

“Today, thanks to that restrictive measure, a number of products, which were hitherto not produced here such as toothpicks, are now being manufactured locally.

“The introduction of the investors’ and exporters’ window, on the back of crude oil price, recovery, has equally helped to stabilise the exchange rate, facilitating raw materials imports for local firms.

“That said, the CBN should continue to explore innovative ways to support domestic industries beyond the use of forex policies.”

Is the CEO/Founder of Investors King Limited. A proven foreign exchange research analyst and a published author on Yahoo Finance, Businessinsider, Nasdaq, Entrepreneur.com, Investorplace, and many more. He has over two decades of experience in global financial markets.

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Banking Sector

Access Holdings Plc Grants 23.81 Million Shares to Directors, Valued at N420 Million

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Access bank

Access Holdings Plc, a leading financial institution, has recently vested approximately 23.81 million shares valued at over N420 million to its directors.

The share vesting process, a common practice in corporate governance, allows employees, investors, or co-founders to gradually receive full ownership rights to shares or stock options over a specified period.

In this instance, Access Holdings Plc has chosen to reward its directors with shares, signifying confidence in their leadership and contributions to the company’s growth trajectory.

Among the beneficiaries of this share allocation are key figures within Access Bank, a subsidiary of Access Holdings Plc, as well as the acting Group Chief Executive Officer (GCEO).

Recipients include Sunday Okwochi, the company secretary, who received 1.2 million shares at N17.95 per share, and Hadiza Ambursa, a director of Access Bank, who was allocated 1.72 million shares at the same price.

Other directors, such as Gregory Jobome, Chizoma Okoli, Iyabo Soji-Okusanya, Seyi Kumapayi, and Roosevelt Ogbonna, also received allocations ranging from 1.234 million to 12.345 million shares, each valued between N17.85 and N17.95 per share.

Bolaji Agbede, the acting Group CEO of Access Holdings, was granted 2.216 million shares at N17.95 per share, further solidifying his stake in the company’s success.

This move by Access Holdings Plc comes amidst a dynamic economic landscape, where organizations are strategically positioning themselves to navigate challenges and capitalize on emerging opportunities.

By incentivizing its directors through share vesting, the company aims to foster a sense of ownership and accountability while motivating top talent to drive innovation and sustainable growth.

The share vesting scheme not only rewards directors for their past contributions but also incentivizes them to remain committed to the company’s long-term vision.

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Loans

Ghana’s $20 Billion Debt Restructuring Hangs in the Balance Amid LGBTQ Legal Challenge

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Ghana's Parliament

Ghana’s Supreme Court is set to commence hearings on a case that threatens the country’s $20 billion debt restructuring deal while simultaneously testing the World Bank’s commitment to LGBTQ rights support.

At the heart of the legal battle is a challenge to legislation that seeks to criminalize LGBTQ identities in Ghana.

The contentious law not only proposes severe penalties for individuals identifying as LGBTQ but also threatens punishment for those who fail to report individuals to the authorities, including family members, co-workers, and teachers.

If the Supreme Court upholds the legislation, Ghana risks not only perpetuating discrimination but also jeopardizing crucial financial support from international institutions, including the World Bank.

The implications extend beyond Ghana’s borders, potentially setting a precedent for how the World Bank engages with issues of LGBTQ rights and human rights more broadly across the globe.

The stakes are high for Ghana’s economy, which has been grappling with a heavy debt burden. The leaked memo from the finance ministry in April warned that endorsing the legislation could endanger approximately $3.8 billion of World Bank funding over the next five to six years.

Furthermore, it could derail a $3 billion bailout program from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and hamper efforts to restructure the country’s $20 billion of external liabilities.

The legal challenge comes amidst a broader debate about the balance between national sovereignty, international lending standards, and human rights. The World Bank, a significant source of development finance for Ghana, finds itself caught in a delicate position.

While it has historically emphasized non-discrimination and social standards in its lending practices, it also faces pressure to respect the sovereignty of the countries it engages with.

Ghana’s debt restructuring and economic recovery efforts hinge on continued support from international financial institutions like the World Bank and the IMF.

However, the outcome of the Supreme Court case could complicate these efforts, potentially leading to a withdrawal of financial assistance and further economic instability.

The situation underscores the complexities of navigating the intersection of economic development, human rights, and national sovereignty.

As Ghana’s Supreme Court prepares to hear arguments on the LGBTQ legislation, the outcome of the case remains uncertain, leaving both advocates for LGBTQ rights and supporters of Ghana’s debt restructuring deal anxiously awaiting a decision that could shape the country’s future trajectory.

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Banking Sector

Central Bank of Nigeria Mandates Cybersecurity Levy on Transactions

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Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN)

In a bid to bolster cybersecurity measures within the financial sector, the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) has issued a directive mandating banks and financial institutions to implement a cybersecurity levy on transactions.

The circular, released on Monday, outlines the commencement of this levy within two weeks from the date of issuance.

According to the circular, all commercial, merchant, non-interest, and payment service banks, as well as other financial institutions, mobile money operators, and payment service providers, are instructed to enforce this cybersecurity levy.

The directive is a follow-up to previous communications dated June 25, 2018, and October 5, 2018, emphasizing compliance with the Cybercrimes (Prohibition, Prevention, Etc.) Act 2015.

The levy is to be applied at the point of electronic transfer origination and subsequently deducted by the financial institution.

This deducted amount will then be remitted to the designated Nigerian Cybersecurity Fund (NCF) account domiciled at the CBN. Customers will see a deduction reflected in their account statement with the narration, ‘Cybersecurity Levy’.

Exemptions from this levy include certain transactions such as loan disbursements and repayments, salary payments, and intra-bank transfers among others.

The CBN aims to streamline and fortify cybersecurity efforts across the financial sector through the implementation of this levy.

This move by the CBN aligns with recent efforts to enhance regulatory oversight and mitigate risks within the financial ecosystem.

It follows closely after directives barring fintechs from onboarding new customers and warnings against engaging in cryptocurrency transactions.

Also, the Federal Government’s directive for the deduction of stamp duty charges on mortgaged-backed loans and bonds demonstrates a broader push for fiscal transparency and regulatory compliance.

The introduction of the cybersecurity levy underscores the CBN’s commitment to safeguarding digital transactions and ensuring the integrity of Nigeria’s financial infrastructure amidst evolving cyber threats.

As financial institutions gear up for implementation, the levy is poised to play a pivotal role in fortifying the nation’s cybersecurity resilience in an increasingly digitized landscape.

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