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VAT Amendments: NBA, SANs Fights for Equality, Warns National Assembly and FIRS Against Any Illegality

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Internal revenue

The Nigerian Bar Association and prominent senior lawyers, on Thursday, warned the Federal Inland Revenue Service and the National Assembly against any illegality in their bid to amend the Value Added Tax law in the country.

The Publicity Secretary of the NBA, Rapulu Nduka, and Senior Advocates of Nigeria, Chief Mike Ozekhome, Ebun-Olu Adegboruwa and Afam Osigwe, gave the warning in separate interviews with our correspondents in response to the judgment of the Federal High Court sitting in Port Harcourt, which held that the Rivers State Government had the powers to collect VAT within its territory.

While the NBA urged the lawmakers representing the various states to be on the lookout for the request by the FIRS to include VAT on the Exclusive Legislative List, the SANs supported moves by the Lagos and Rivers state governments to take over the collection of the tax.

Following the court’s rejection of the FIRS’ application for stay of execution, the Rivers State Government ordered companies based in the state to start paying VAT to its revenue board.

On Thursday, The PUNCH reported that the FIRS had written to the National Assembly to seek the inclusion of VAT on the exclusive legislative list.

Nduka, in an interview with one of our correspondents, supported the judgment of the Federal High Court, saying it was valid.

He also said the FIRS could appeal the judgment, but stated that the National Assembly should be cautious with the request of the agency for the amendment of the VAT law.

He stated, “Firstly, the judgment of the Federal High Court regarding VAT, to the best of my knowledge, is a valid judgment. If the FIRS feels aggrieved, it can appeal to the Court of Appeal.

“On the issue of the FIRS requesting the National Assembly to amend the Constitution to put VAT collection on the exclusive legislative list, Nigeria is a country governed by laws and the NBA advocates the promotion of the rule of law.

“There are procedures for the amendment of aspects of the Constitution, which must be followed. We hope that our lawmakers do the right thing. Thankfully, we have representatives from all states of the federation.

“I will be surprised if the FIRS pushes for a distinct Federal Revenue Court, especially at this time.

“It really speaks volumes. We must recall that the Federal High Court used to be a revenue court. One would wonder if the proper response to an unfavourable judgment is to ask for new courts.”

Also, a legal practitioner, Kudos Okor, stated that VAT should not be collected by the FIRS.

He stated, “If you look at constitutional provisions, you will find out that a lot of the taxes paid to the Federal Government are actually supposed to be paid to the states.

“I believe the demand of the FIRS is inappropriate; it is only trying to extort Nigerians. I advise every state governor to kick against this demand. No state governor should allow the Federal Government to take what rightfully belongs to the state.”

Adegboruwa backs Rivers, Lagos on VAT laws

Adegboruwa also threw his weight behind the state laws on VAT in a statement on Thursday, saying, “State VAT law is a form of restructuring. It is restructuring and I support it 100 percent. We have been shouting and crying for this lopsided federalism to be made equitable.

“Those who make peaceful change impossible make violent change inevitable.”

Adegboruwa commended the Rivers State Governor, Nyesom Wike, for starting the revolution.

He also commended the Lagos State Governor, Babajide Sanwo-Olu; the Attorney-General of Lagos State, Moyosore Onigbanjo (SAN); and the Lagos State House of Assembly for their stance on VAT collection by the state government.

Meanwhile, members of the business community and the Rivers State Civil Society Organisation have backed Wike’s decision on VAT collection.

The President, Rivers Entrepreneurs and Investors’ Forum, Ibifuro Bobmanuel; and Chairman, Rivers State Civil Society Organisation, Enefaa Georgewill, gave the governor the backing in separate interviews with one of our correspondents in Port Harcourt on Thursday.

Bobmanuel, a financial expert, said when state governors realize that VAT would be paid directly to the states, they would begin to treat businesses with a lot of respect.

On his part, Georgewill lauded Wike for the courage to fight a cause, which he said was in order, adding that the present situation meant more revenue for the state.

Ozekhome, on his part, said states, by reason of the legislature, should not lose consumption taxes to the Federal Government.

Ozekhome made his position known in an interview with The PUNCH.

He said, “VAT is ideally a matter within the residual legislative list of states. It is a consumption tax collected by producers and manufacturers of goods and is then passed on to the ultimate consumers.

“Why, in a federal system of government such as we operate, should a state that harbours industries and companies lose the consumption tax to the Federal Government, which is a central government? It makes no sense at all.

“If the National Assembly makes the mistake of legislating on and including VAT as a matter on the Exclusive Legislative List, it can be lawfully challenged in a court of law. All the state attorneys-general should join hands together and sue on behalf of their various states.”

On his part, Osigwe said the call for the establishment of a special court was unnecessary, adding that it would further strain the nation’s economy.

He stated, “In Nigeria, we have this attitude of thinking that a court must be created for everything. We want courts created for economic and financial crimes, electoral offences and now revenue collection.

“The Federal High Court started as a revenue court and today, it has become a court of all jurisdictions.

“On VAT, for the FIRS to write to the National Assembly shows that it is too agreed that there is a need for clarification on VAT.

“The states had largely yielded power to the Federal Government until recently. I think the ongoing judicial process is a welcome development. We need to have some certainty on the matter.”

But the National Assembly said the FIRS, just like any other institution, group, or individual, had the right to seek an amendment to the country’s Constitution.

The Chairman, Senate Committee on Media and Public Affairs, Senator Ajibola Basiru, when asked to comment on the legality of the request of the tax agency, said the FIRS had not done anything illegal.

He, however, said the approval of such an amendment was not automatic because the request would pass through normal processes.

Basiru stated, “Every stakeholder has the right to make requests for the amendment of the constitution. However, whether the amendment will pass or not will depend on it passing through the requisite processes stipulated by Section 9 of the Constitution.

“I can’t express any personal opinion on the FIRS letter, because I’m a member of the Constitution Review Committee and the matter has not come before us.

Lagos hails Assembly over VAT bill passage

The Lagos State Government has hailed the passage of the Value Added Tax Bill by the state House of Assembly, saying it followed due process.

The state Commissioner for Information and Strategy, Mr Gbenga Omotoso, in an interview with one of our correspondents on Thursday, said the passage of the bill would benefit residents of the state.

He said, “The House has just passed the bill; it has not been returned to the executive. We are waiting for them to bring the bill for the governor to sign.

“I think the due process was followed; the bill went through various reading stages and there was a public hearing, where residents of the state made their views known on the bill.

“This is not the first bill that has been passed by the Lagos State House of Assembly. The executive has sent in about 40 bills since Governor Babajide Sanwo-Olu assumed office. This is just one of the bills. It is all about Lagosians, rule of law and true federalism. It is a matter of law, not emotions.”

The state House of Assembly had on Thursday passed the Lagos State Value Added Tax Bill.

According to a statement, the bill was passed during the plenary in which the lawmakers unanimously adopted the recommendations in the reports of the Committee on Finance as the resolutions of the House, leading to its third reading.

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Banking Sector

Unity Bank Marks Global Money Week, Engages Students on Financial Literacy

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Unity Bank

Unity Bank Plc has engaged students from all the geopolitical zones of the federation as it facilitated financial literacy training in 15 schools as part of activities to mark the 2024 Global Money Week.

The Financial Literacy Training was held as a strategy for driving financial inclusion of the Central Bank of Nigeria and Bankers Committee. Unity Bank’s Managing Director/Chief Executive Officer, Mrs. Tomi Somefun participated in the programme by facilitating training on financial literacy at NYSC Demonstration Secondary School, Calabar, Cross River State recently.

Mrs Somefun, who was represented by Unity Bank’s Chief Compliance Officer, Mrs. Patricia Ahunanya, provided the students with invaluable insights on the path to wealth creation, including imbibing savings habits, investing, and adopting money management skills early.

Her interaction with the students was aimed at instilling financial discipline and financial management skills for the attainment of financial independence and security while promoting a savings and investment culture. During the session, Mrs. Somefun acknowledged outstanding students and presented them with awards.

The Global Money Week (GMW) is an annual campaign dedicated to raising global awareness about the importance of promoting financial literacy among young people from an early age. The initiative focuses on equipping them with the knowledge, skills, attitudes, and behaviours essential for making informed financial decisions, leading to financial well-being. Each year, a minimum of 40,000 organizations participate in this endeavour, collectively impacting over 60 million children globally.

In Nigeria, the Central Bank of Nigeria, CBN, Banker’s Committee in collaboration with Junior Achievement Nigeria, coordinates the activities for Global Money Week, which sees the participation of financial institutions with nationwide coverage.

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Banking Sector

CBN Halts Opay, Palmpay, Others Onboarding Amid Forex Scandal

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Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN)

The Central Bank of Nigeria’s (CBN) has directed four leading fintech companies, OPay, Palmpay, Kuda Bank, and Moniepoint to halt the onboarding of new customers pending further investigation.

This directive, issued by the apex bank, comes in the wake of allegations linking these fintech giants to illicit foreign exchange transactions.

The move has sent ripples across Nigeria’s burgeoning fintech landscape, raising questions about regulatory oversight and the evolving dynamics of financial technology in the country.

Representatives from two of the affected companies confirmed the CBN’s order, shedding light on the gravity of the situation.

While acknowledging the allegations, they highlighted potential misdirection, emphasizing that the majority of implicated accounts are affiliated with commercial banks rather than fintech platforms.

“I can confirm that 90% of the accounts implicated in the illicit forex transactions are with commercial banks, and only 10% are with fintechs. Why then has the CBN not extended this directive to the commercial banks? We face a widespread issue here, and targeting fintechs seems like an unfair focus on the more vulnerable targets,” one source explained.

This revelation underscores a broader concern regarding regulatory asymmetry within Nigeria’s financial ecosystem.

Despite fintechs demonstrating robust Know Your Customer (KYC) practices, they find themselves under intense scrutiny while traditional banks seemingly evade similar directives.

The controversy deepened with recent revelations from the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC), which secured a court order to freeze over 1,100 bank accounts allegedly involved in illegal foreign exchange transactions.

Justice Emeka Nwite’s decision, issued on an ex-parte motion, underscores the urgency to address financial malfeasance within the country.

However, scrutiny seems disproportionately directed towards fintechs, leaving industry insiders perplexed.

“In terms of KYC, the fintechs are doing better than the banks, but all eyes seem to be on the fintechs whenever the issue of KYC occurs,” a source revealed.

This regulatory imbalance raises critical questions about the evolving role of fintech in Nigeria’s financial landscape.

Despite their innovative solutions and customer-centric approach, fintechs face a regulatory framework that appears skewed against them, favoring traditional institutions.

As Nigeria strives to maintain financial integrity and stability, stakeholders must address these regulatory discrepancies to ensure a level playing field for all participants.

The outcome of this saga will not only shape the future of fintech regulation but also define Nigeria’s approach to combating financial crime in an increasingly digitized economy.

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Banking Sector

Zenith Bank Shareholders Approve Holdco Structure

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Zenith Bank EGM

Shareholders of Zenith Bank Plc unanimously approved the restructuring of the Bank to a holding company during a court-ordered Extraordinary General Meeting (EGM) held virtually from Zenith Heights, Zenith Bank Plc, Victoria Island, Lagos, on Friday, April 26, 2024.

In accordance with the Scheme of Arrangement dated March 28 2024, pursuant to Section 715 of the Companies and Allied Matters Act (CAMA), 2020 between the Bank and the holders of the fully paid ordinary shares of 50 Kobo each in the Bank, the shareholders voted to transfer 31,396,493,787 ordinary shares of 50 Kobo each held in the issued and paid-up share capital of Zenith Bank Plc to Zenith Bank Holding Company Plc (the HoldCo) in exchange for the allotment of 31,396,493,787 ordinary shares of 50 Kobo each in the share capital of the HoldCo in the same proportion to their shareholding in the Bank.

Similarly, the shareholders approved that each Existing GDR Holder receive, as consideration for each existing GDR held, one new HoldCo GDR.

The shareholders also approved that all of the shares held by the nominees of the Bank in Zenpay Limited, a direct subsidiary of the HoldCo, together with all rights and liabilities attached to such shares, be transferred to the HoldCo.

The Board of Directors were also authorised to delist the shares of the Bank and the Existing GDRs from the official list of the Nigerian Exchange and the London Stock Exchange respectively as well as re-register the Bank as a private limited company under CAMA Act 2020.

In his remarks during the EGM, the Founder and Chairman of Zenith Bank Plc, Jim Ovia, CFR, thanked the shareholders for their unwavering commitment, which has been instrumental in the Bank’s outstanding performance over the years.

He expressed his delight at witnessing the transition of the Bank to a holding company, which is anticipated to position it advantageously for exploring emerging opportunities in the Fintech space while bolstering its digital and retail banking initiatives.

Also speaking during the EGM, Dr. Ebenezer Onyeagwu, the Group Managing Director/Chief Executive, lauded the Founder and Chairman, Jim Ovia, CFR, for his pivotal role in creating an institution that has consistently been a trailblazer in the nation’s financial services industry.

Dr. Onyeagwu expressed his optimism about the Bank’s growth trajectory in the coming years as it transitions into a holding company structure.

According to him, “The HoldCo structure presents an opportunity for us to unlock value for shareholders in terms of opportunity in other sectors beyond banking. The first part is Fintech, where we have already received the approval and the license from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), which we are launching soon.

“It is going to be focusing on an area that we know has not been touched on by anyone. So it is more like us finding an open wide space where we can begin to operate, and with a HoldCo, what that means is that we have an opportunity to diversify our investment.

“We can begin to look at other business verticals that were restrained by the kind of authorisation we have. So, it presents a big opportunity for us to have a wider lens and scope in terms of what we can do. It will also position us to think of opportunities beyond Africa. We will be looking at key business verticals that have the potential to enable us to create value for shareholders.”

On the recapitalisation plan of the Bank, Dr. Onyeagwu stated that the Bank is on course to receive the needed shareholder’s approval in the forthcoming Annual General Meeting (AGM) slated for May 8, 2024, which will kickstart its capital raising effort in line with the CBN directive.

He expressed confidence in the Bank’s ability to raise the stipulated capital, stating that amongst its peers in the industry, Zenith was expected to raise the least amount due to its already robust capital base.

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