West Africa emerged as a key driver of Africa’s solar expansion in 2024 as installations surged across the region amid rising electricity demand and persistent power shortages.
According to a new report by the Global Solar Council (GSC), African countries collectively added 2,400 megawatts of new solar capacity last year with growth recorded in Ghana, Burkina Faso, and Nigeria.
While the continent’s overall solar installation pace slightly slowed due to a dip in South Africa’s expansion after a record-setting 2023, the sector is poised for a strong rebound in 2025.
The report forecasts a 42% increase in new installations this year with several delayed projects expected to come online.
West Africa’s Rapid Solar Adoption
West African nations saw some of the most remarkable solar growth in 2024. Ghana nearly quadrupled its installed capacity to 94 megawatts while Burkina Faso expanded its solar footprint by more than 120% to 87 megawatts.
Nigeria, Africa’s largest economy, added 73 megawatts as businesses and households increasingly turned to solar to mitigate chronic power disruptions.
“Many African countries continue to face severe electricity shortages and frequent blackouts, pushing industries and households toward solar as a reliable and cost-effective alternative,” the GSC report noted.
While South Africa and Egypt remain the continent’s largest solar markets, analysts highlight that West Africa’s accelerating adoption signals a shift in regional energy priorities, particularly in countries heavily reliant on expensive or unstable grid power.
Challenges and Growth Potential
Despite the momentum, Africa’s solar sector faces significant financing challenges, with capital costs remaining seven times higher than in developed markets.
The report found that the continent still attracts only 3% of global energy investment, limiting the pace of expansion.
“Many projects are struggling to secure financing due to high interest rates, currency volatility, and a lack of risk guarantees,” said Léo Echard, policy officer at GSC and lead author of the report. “If we can reduce the cost of capital, Africa has the potential to become one of the world’s fastest-growing solar markets.”
Bright Outlook for Solar Growth
Despite these hurdles, the GSC predicts Africa will install 23 gigawatts of new solar capacity between 2025 and 2028, more than doubling its 2024 cumulative capacity in just four years. With rising fuel costs, increasing energy demand, and improving technology, solar power is becoming an essential part of Africa’s energy strategy.
As West Africa continues its rapid adoption of solar, the region is expected to play a pivotal role in Africa’s broader clean energy transition, unlocking new opportunities for investment and sustainable growth.
