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Boost to Manufacturing Still Required – Coronation Merchant Bank

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Steel Manufacture At Evraz Plc West-Siberian Metallurgical Plant

The importance of a vibrant manufacturing sector in emerging economies cannot be overemphasized. A functional manufacturing base attracts increased research, productivity, and exports. In addition, due to its extensive value-chain, the sector is capable of boosting jobs across different economic classes. There are several factors that could support the steady expansion of a country’s manufacturing sector. These factors trigger demand and supply dynamics which are essential for a thriving manufacturing base. They include consumption patterns, money circulation, fx liquidity, infrastructure (power, inclusive) and supply chain among others.

In the manufacturing sector, growth slowed to 2.3% y/y in Q4 compared with 4.3% y/y recorded in Q3. For FY ’21, the sector grew by 3.5% y/y compared with a contraction of – 2.8% y/y recorded in 2020. The food, beverages, and tobacco segment grew by 5.7% y/y while the textile, apparel, and footwear segment contracted by -1.3% y/y respectively in 2021, compared with a growth rate of 1.5% y/y and -7.6% y/y respectively in 2020. Combined, these segments accounted for 69.1% of the total manufacturing sector in 2021. The chemical and pharmaceutical products segment grew the fastest at 8.1% y/y in 2021, but from a low base.

Following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, oil prices have surged above USD100 per barrel to hit their highest level since 2008. Unlike premium motor spirit (PMS), diesel has been deregulated. As such, the surge in global oil price has led to an increase in diesel price. According to the Manufacturers Association of Nigeria, the situation has resulted in soaring operational costs as most businesses rely on diesel-powered generators in the absence of reliable grid electricity. The proposed take-off of the Dangote Refinery in Q4 ‘22 is expected to help improve the supply of petroleum products in Nigeria.

Russia and Ukraine are also major exporters of agricultural commodities, particularly grains. Based on data from the Food and Agriculture Organisation, both countries accounted for about c.30%, c.80%, and c.14% of global wheat, sunflower seeds, and maize exports respectively in 2020. According to the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), Russia accounted for c.4% (N824bn) of Nigeria’s total imports in 2021. The Russia-Ukraine crisis has halted shipments from the Black Sea, which has adverse implications for global trade activity.

Typically, to meet high fx needs, manufacturers blend fx rates across markets. Therefore, forcing some manufacturers to source funds from the parallel market, which trades at a significant premium to the I&E window (41.3% as at 31 March 2022). This also contributes to the uptick in operational costs for the manufacturing sector. We note that the CBN has released the operating guidelines for the non-oil export proceeds repatriation rebate scheme as introduced in the RT200 FX program that aims to attain a goal of USD200bn in FX repatriation from non-oil exports over the next 3-5 years.

The CBN’s Manufacturing Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI), moderated slightly to 50.1 index points in February ‘22 from 51.4 index points in January ‘22. A reading above 50 points toward an expansion while a reading below 50 translates into a contraction.

Manufacturers face a dilemma with regards to incurring additional costs due to rising operational costs or passing on these costs to consumers. For the latter, the current squeeze on household wallets may result in a potential loss of market share to foreign competitors due to their relative affordability. We expect the uptick in operational costs to have an impact on the headline inflation rate (currently at 15.70% y/y).

To provide some level of respite, particularly given the economic downturn experienced in 2020, the CBN created a N1trn intervention scheme to boost local manufacturing. Based on industry sources, a total of N1.08trn has been disbursed to 368 projects across various sectors in agro-allied, mining, steel production, and packaging industries.

China can be considered as a poster child with regard to countries with budding manufacturing sectors. China’s industrial sector accounted for c.32.6% of its total GDP in 2021. China is export-oriented, however, it seems there is now a deliberate push towards boosting domestic consumption of China-made products. We understand that there are now steps towards significantly reducing imported items to enable the domestic distribution of locally manufactured items.  In China, foreign investment has been encouraged through the creation of Special Economic Zones, which offered incentives such as reduced tax rates for foreign companies willing to set up manufacturing operations.

In Africa, Morocco is transforming itself into a manufacturing hub through investments in industrial parks, free trade zones, and supporting infrastructure such as railways, storage facilities, and ports as well as signing automotive free trade agreements with the European Union and the United State. These combined with investments from the leading automakers in Africa are largely responsible for the growth observed in Morocco’s manufacturing sector. Nigeria may consider adopting a few of these initiatives to boost the domestic manufacturing sector.

Coronation Merchant Bank Research Team note that the absence of constant power supply has contributed to the slowdown of Nigeria’s much-needed industrial take-off as self-generation places pressure on operating expenses. The CBN has disbursed N1.28trn to power sector players since 2017, under the Nigeria Bulk Electricity Trading Payment Assurance Facility (NBETPAF). In addition, N232.9bn has been released to distribution companies (DISCOs) under the Nigeria Electricity Market Stabilisation Facility – Phase 2 (NEMSF-2). These interventions are designed to improve access to capital and support the development of enabling infrastructure within the country’s power supply value chain.

The African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) agreement is expected to contribute significantly toward the development of regional value chains. To maximise the benefits of the agreement, Nigeria’s manufacturing sector needs to be strengthened through the provision of adequate infrastructure. For example, improvements in ports, transportation & power. Furthermore, there is need for significant improvement by local manufacturers in terms of product standards and service delivery. This must be achieved if local manufacturers are to be competitive in an expanding intra-continental marketplace.

Is the CEO and Founder of Investors King Limited. He is a seasoned foreign exchange research analyst and a published author on Yahoo Finance, Business Insider, Nasdaq, Entrepreneur.com, Investorplace, and other prominent platforms. With over two decades of experience in global financial markets, Olukoya is well-recognized in the industry.

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MEND Tackles Ex-Agitators For Threatening To Bomb Oil Installations In Rivers 

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A war of words has ensued between a militant group, the Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta (MEND) and a coalition of ex-agitators over alleged plan to attack oil installations in the region by the latter group.

Following the political crisis rocking Rivers State, a coalition of ex-agitators and fighters in the region under the aegis of Niger Delta Development Force had last week threatened to blow-up oil facilities in the region over what it termed a plot to seize financial allocations meant for local government areas in Rivers State through the courts.

The former warlords dared the Federal Government and the Central Bank of Nigeria, saying if they proceeded in withholding the funds for the state, it would have grave consequences.

Kicking against the threat, MEND’s spokesman, Jomo Gbomo, in a statement on Friday, said it will support security operatives in safeguarding crude oil installations from any attack.

Gbomo also said MEND is not in support of the violence that Rivers State has been experiencing due to the lingering feud between the Minister of the Federal Capital Territory, Nyesom Wike, and his successor and estranged political godson, Siminalayi Fubara.

Describing the attack plan as threat to the economy of the country, Gbomo said it would be most unfortunate for a political dispute between two politicians to cost the state and Nigeria assets that are pivotal to nation’s survival.

Noting that the both feuding political gladiators are sons of the Niger Delta, the spokesman asked those making the threats not to allow themselves be tricked using the present circumstance into carrying arms against the Nigerian state on behalf of any of them, not even for any price.

He said as an Ijaw son, he knows the gains of having an Ijaw man as governor in Rivers, adding that it is an achievement which would not have been possible but for the collaboration of other ethnic groups.

According to him, the current healthy collaboration from the various ethnic groups which produced an Ijaw son as governor was spearheaded by the FCT Minister.

The statement said not only would MEND back the Federal Government in protecting oil facilities, but it would also ensure that the masterminds of the threats to attack oil installations are fished out and meant to face justice.

The MEND spokesman, however, urged the elders and traditional institutions in the region to intervene in the face-off between Governor Fubara and the FCT Minister.

He also urged parties in the festering political crisis to seek judicial redress if peaceful dialogue fails.

 

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Northern Governors Oppose New VAT Model as FG Defends Tax Reform Bills

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Value added tax - Investors King

The Federal Government has addressed concerns raised by the Northern Governors’ Forum regarding the proposed tax reform bills before the National Assembly.

Investors King gathered that Governors of 19 Northern States of Nigeria, under the platform of the Northern Governors’ Forum met with the traditional rulers from the region to agree to disagree with the Federal Government’s new value-added tax model.

In a communiqué read by the chairman of the forum, Governor Muhammed Yahaya of Gombe State, the governors strongly opposed the new derivation-based model for Value-Added Tax (VAT) distribution in the new tax reform bills proposed by President Tinubu’s government.

Addressing the governors’ concern, the FG in a statement on Thursday by the President’s Special Adviser on Information and Strategy, Bayo Onanuga stated that the proposed bills will streamline Nigeria’s tax administration processes, enhance efficiency and eliminate redundancies across the country’s tax operations.

According to Onanuga, the bills which is currently before the National Assembly for consideration emerged after extensive review of existing tax laws.

The statement reads, “While we commend the Governors and traditional rulers for supporting President Bola Tinubu over the success recorded in addressing the country’s security challenges, we consider it necessary to address the misunderstandings and misgivings around the tax reform already embarked upon by the administration.

“President Tinubu and the Federal Executive Council recently endorsed new policy initiatives aimed at streamlining Nigeria’s tax administration processes, enhancing efficiency and eliminating redundancies across the nation’s tax operations.

“These reforms emerged after an extensive review of existing tax laws. The National Assembly is considering four executive bills designed to transform and modernise Nigeria’s tax landscape.

“First is the Nigeria Tax Bill, which aims to eliminate unintended multiple taxation and make Nigeria’s economy more competitive by simplifying tax obligations for businesses and individuals nationwide.

“Second, the Nigeria Tax Administration Bill (NTAB) proposes new rules governing the administration of all taxes in the country. Its objective is to harmonise tax administrative processes across federal, state and local jurisdictions for ease of compliance for taxpayers in all parts of the country.

“Third, the Nigeria Revenue Service (Establishment) Bill seeks to rename the Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS) as the Nigeria Revenue Service (NRS) to better reflect the mandate of the Service as the revenue agency for the entire federation, not just the Federal Government.

“Fourth, the Joint Revenue Board Establishment Bill proposes the creation of a Joint Revenue Board to replace the Joint Tax Board, covering federal and all states’ tax authorities.

“The fourth bill also suggests establishing the Office of Tax Ombudsman under the Joint Revenue Board, which would serve as a complaint resolution body for taxpayers.

“It is instructive to note that these proposed laws will not increase the number of taxes currently in operation. Instead, they are designed to optimise and simplify existing tax frameworks.

“The tax rates or percentages will remain the same under these reforms, as they focus on ensuring a more equitable distribution of tax obligations without adding to the burden on Nigerians.

“The reforms will not lead to job losses. On the contrary, they are structured to stimulate new avenues for job creation by supporting a dynamic, growth-oriented economy.

“Importantly, these laws will not absorb or eliminate the duties of any existing department, agency, or ministry. Instead, they aim to harmonise revenue collection and administration across the federation to ensure efficiency and cooperation.

“At the moment, tax administration lacks coordination among federal, state, and local tax authorities, often resulting in overlapping responsibilities, confusion, and inefficiency. Without reform, this inefficiency will persist.

“The proposed laws aim to coordinate efforts between different tiers of government, resulting in better tax resource management and greater clarity for taxpayers.

“Under existing laws, taxes like Company Income Tax (CIT), Personal Income Tax (PIT), Capital Gains Tax (CGT), Petroleum Profits Tax (PPT), Tertiary Education Tax (TET), Value-Added Tax (VAT), and other taxing provisions in numerous laws are administered separately, with individual legislative frameworks.

“The proposed reforms seek to consolidate these multiple taxes, integrating CIT, PIT, CGT, VAT, PPT, and excise duties into a unified structure to reduce administrative fragmentation.

“On the proposed derivation-based VAT distribution model, which the Northern Governors oppose, it must be stressed that the new proposal, as enunciated in the Bill, is designed to create a fairer system.

“The current model for distributing VAT is based on where the tax is remitted rather than where goods and services are supplied or consumed. The ongoing tax reform seeks to correct the inherent inequity in the current derivation model as a basis for distributing VAT revenue.

“The new proposal before the National Assembly outlines a different form of derivation which considers the place of supply or consumption for relevant goods and services. This means that states in the Northern region that produce the food we eat should not lose out just because their products are VAT-exempt or consumed in other states.

“These reforms are critical to improving the lives of Nigerians and were not put forward by President Tinubu to undermine any part of the country. There is no better time than now for the National Assembly to give due consideration to these bills that will overhaul our tax systems and create the revenue all the tiers of government require to fund the development our country and people urgently need.”

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Solid Minerals Sector Adds Over N1 Trillion to Nigerian Treasury in 16 Years – NEITI

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The Nigerian Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (NEITI) said the solid minerals sector has contributed around N1.137 trillion in direct payments to various government levels over 16 years.

This was disclosed in the 2023 Solid Minerals Audit Report, the 16th audit cycle, which provided a comprehensive overview of the sector’s contributions from 2007 to 2023 published on Wednesday.

The report was conducted by indigenous firm Haruna Yahaya and Co., and covered the solid minerals industry’s economic contributions, revenue streams, and exports, providing recommendations for sector reforms.

The report showed a substantial increase in government receipts from N7.59 billion in 2007 to N341.27 billion in 2022, a 44-fold rise, indicating solid sector growth.

The 2023 report underscored the sector’s evolution into a vital revenue contributor for Nigeria, with cumulative contributions now exceeding N1 trillion. It disclosed that in 2022, the sector generated N345.41 billion, with a reconciled final revenue of N329.92 billion.

Meanwhile, the report also identified the solid minerals sector’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) contribution at 0.83 percent in 2022, with incremental growth to 0.75 per cent in 2023, underscoring untapped potential.

The initiative reiterated the policy measures and reforms needed to unlock the sector’s capacity to significantly contribute to Nigeria’s economic diversification

“Company payments analysis indicated that total government revenue, including reconciled and unilaterally disclosed figures, reached N401.87 billion in 2023.

“Key revenue streams included VAT (N128.32 billion), FIRS taxes (N370.09 billion), Education Tax (38.64 percent), Company Income Tax (10.64 percent), and royalties (N9.06 billion).

The report also showed that discrepancies initially amounted to N301.6 billion but were reconciled down to N100 million, demonstrating NEITI’s transparency commitment.

The production and export data showed 95.07 million tonnes of minerals produced in 2023, with a significant export volume of 4.32 million metric tonnes, valued at N117.29 billion.

The report highlighted top mineral-producing states, including Ogun, Kogi, and Rivers, with Ogun leading production. Revenue contributions were led by Osun, Ogun, and Kogi states

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