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Is The U.S. Army About To Save The World?

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By Jeffrey Halley, Senior Market Analyst, Asia Pacific, OANDA

An interesting story is making the rounds this morning, suggesting that researchers at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research have made substantive progress in developing a compound that protects against multiple coronaviruses, including Covid-19. The link to the story is here.

https://www.defenseone.com/technology/2021/12/us-army-creates-single-vaccine-effective-against-all-covid-sars-variants/360089/

and here

https://www.army.mil/article/252890/series_of_preclinical_studies_supports_the_armys_pan_coronavirus_vaccine_development_strategy

with more detail on the preliminary results here

https://eidresearch.org/news/press-release/series-preclinical-studies-supports-armys-pan-coronavirus-vaccine-development

I have deliberately avoided being an armchair virologist or epidemiologist but having been asked non-stop this week from the world’s media as to whether we will have a “Santa Claus” equity rally this year, this seems to be as good a reason to e less Grinch, and more Santa, as any. Bloomberg ran a story into this line of research recently, including the work of Walter Reed, but this seems to be an evolution of that. Nor have I heard of www.defenseone.com who have released the story. I would be remiss in not letting readers know about this potential, in my mind, major development in the quest for a one ring to rule them all vaccine. You should, of course, do your own research as to the veracity of the story and the news organisation running it.

If the above story does have legs, the positive momentum seen in US markets overnight could pick up steam substantially. Overnight, the fast-money headline-chasing FOMO gnomes of Wall Street were hard at work as the omicron headline ticker went quiet (relatively), and President Biden made soothing noises about boosters and a potential rerun at the build back better in January. US bond yields rose as hot money moved out of defensive foxholes, US equities powered higher along with oil, but the US Dollar continued holding steady.

The buy-the-dip strategy remains irresistible to most and I fully acknowledge that it has had a higher efficacy than any vaccine over the last 18 months. However, with pre-holiday liquidity tumbling, and market direction entirely dominated by headline derived volatility, it is probably not wise to get too wedded to “the worst is over just yet. I’ll say is again, volatility is the winner in December, not thematic direction. Catching that dip could easily be a falling knife instead.

Asian markets are taking a much more cautious approach to the schizophrenic fast-money histrionics in New York overnight. It appears that the holiday season and book closing has well and truly arrived here judging by the vol I am seeing this morning. In the same vein, the data calendar is equally as empty in the region today, with only Malaysian Inflation of note. Final reads on UK and US Q3 GDP come out this evening, but the words “Q3” and “final” make them old news.

More interesting will be official US weekly Crude Inventories, with a low print potentially extending oil’s comeback. Notably and ominously, natural gas prices hit record highs in Europe overnight as Russian gas stopped flowing through a major pipeline. Ironically, the US has natural gas coming out of its ears, with prices languishing. Europe may yet pay the price for its strategic ineptitude in Q1 if the winter turns brutal, and that’s without omicron.

With that, I am back to watching the news ticker for clues on market direction, along with a continuing search to secure Brussel sprouts here in Jakarta, as strategic a challenge as any facing the international community.

Asian equities don’t buy the US hype.

US markets were on fire overnight as a slowdown in omicron headlines irresistibly led the fast-money herd into a buy-the-dip frenzy. With pre-holiday season liquidity heightening ranges, US markets soared with the S&P 500 jumping by 1.78%. That was overshadowed by the Nasdaq, which soared 2.40% higher, as the Dow Jones gained an impressive 1.59%. The first sign that this rally is built on eggshells is coming from US futures today though. The S&P 500 and Dow Jones futures have eased by 0.10%, while Nasdaq futures have already given back 0.35%.

With no follow-through on US index futures, Asian markets have rightly adopted a wait-and-see cautious approach today, perhaps tired of the relentless whip-saw price action emanating from New York. Asian markets are mostly higher, but only very moderately so. Even the Nasdaq directional slaves of Tokyo are taking a break today, the Nikkei 225 rising just 0.10%. The South Korean Kospi climbing just 0.15%.

In Mainland China, activity is similarly quiet, the Shanghai Composite is unchanged, while the CSI 300 is just 0.10% higher. Hong Kong has put on a better show, rising by 0.60% thus far.

Singapore has just announced a dialling back of its vaccinated travel lane policies due to omicron, and I have a feeling we will see more in the days ahead. That is likely to weigh on sentiment with the STI now up just 0.10%. By contrast, Kuala Lumpur has risen by 0.40%, thanks to oil’s rally overnight, while Taipei is 0.20% higher. Jakarta has gained 0.25% with Bangkok rising 0.45% and Manila unchanged. Australian markets are in Christmas mode, the All Ordinaries edging 0.20% higher, with the ASX 200 up just 0.10%.

The price action in Asia suggests that European and UK markets are unlikely to follow New York’s lead with the UK Prime Minister apparently due to announce a decision on a post-Christmas circuit breaker decision in the next 48 hours. Surging energy prices in Europe, as well as the evolution of omicron across the Eurozone, will weigh limit gains on the continent.

US Dollar holds steady.

The US Dollar held steady via the dollar index overnight, although the surge in positive sentiment in equity markets saw gains in the Canadian, Australian and New Zealand Dollar risk barometers. The dollar index held steady at 96.48 and I continue waiting for a break or either 96.00 or 97.00 to signal the US Dollars next directional move.

EUR/USD remains steady at 1.1270 today with risks still skewed lower thanks to omicron and energy prices. Failure of 1.1200 signalling a test of 1.1000. Sterling has risen by 0.45% to 1.3250 as the UK PM ruled out pre-Christmas restrictions overnight. USD/JPY has edged higher to 114.10 as US bond yields rose overnight.

The three risk-sentiment amigos, the CAD, AUD, and NZD all staged modest rallies overnight, but still remain near 2021 lows. The omicron flavour of the day will continue to dictate directional moves through the holiday period.

Asian currencies are steady as USD/CNY remains near-unchanged at 6.3725. The firm Chinese Yuan and diminishing holiday season liquidity are dampening activity in the regional Asia FX space, and I expect range trading to dominate over the rest of the week.

Another wild day for oil.

The headless chickens populating oil markets had another day in the sun overnight, sending oil prices rocketing higher after a lower US API Crude Inventory figure, and riding the wave of diminishing virus caution as the news tickers stayed relatively quiet. Tonight’s official US Crude Inventories are expected to fall by 2.5 million barrels. Assuming omicron stays away from its Bad Santa role, a lower number could be the excuse needed in the chicken run to propel prices higher once again.

OPEC+, of course, continues to lurk in the background, and their free option on quickly reigning in production to support prices from the last meeting open should continue to be a warning to overenthusiastic bears. If Brent crude heads towards $65.00 a barrel, I wouldn’t discount OPEC+ stepping in. Given that compliance is over 100%, this would process would be easy to achieve.

Brent crude rose by 2.70% to $74.00 a barrel overnight, climbing slightly to $74.1o in Asia. Brent crude has resistance at $74.40 and then $76.00 a barrel, with support is at $73.25, the 200-DMA. WTI rocketed 3.0% higher to $71.25 a barrel overnight, adding 10 cents to $71.35 in Asia. It has resistance at $73.00 a barrel, with support at $70.55, its 200-DMA. Trading in Asia is reflecting the same cautious approach seen in Asian equity markets today. Headless chickens can run in any direction randomly.

Gold is sleepless in Singapore.

Gold probed $1800.00 an ounce overnight but quickly retreated as US yields rose, finishing almost unchanged at $1789.00 an ounce. Asian trading is moribund, gold edging slightly lower to $1788.50 an ounce as regional markets move into holiday mode.

Gold’s attempts to stage a meaningful recovery continue to disappoint, with traders cutting long positions at the very first sign of trouble intra-day. Gold lacks the momentum, one way or another, to sustain a directional move up or down. Likely, gold will remain a forgotten asset class and face another week of choppy range trading.

Gold has formed a rough double top around the $1815.00 region which will present a formidable barrier t$1840.00. Support lies at $1790.00, followed by $1780.00 an ounce. $1790.00 to $1815.00 could well be the range for the week.

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Crude Oil

Federal Government Allows Indigenous Refineries to Purchase Crude Oil in Naira or Dollars

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Dangote Refinery

The Federal Government of Nigeria has announced that domestic crude oil refiners and other operators in the sector are now permitted to buy crude oil in either naira or dollars.

This move comes as a response to longstanding demands from stakeholders in the industry and is poised to reshape the dynamics of the nation’s oil market.

The announcement was made on Monday through the Nigerian Upstream Petroleum Regulatory Commission during a briefing in Abuja.

According to the commission, the decision to allow the purchase of crude oil in naira or dollars aligns with the provisions of Section 109(2) of the Petroleum Industry Act 2021.

The development of the new template involved collaboration with key stakeholders, including representatives from NNPC Upstream Investment Management Services, Crude Oil/Condensate Producers, Crude Oil Refinery-Owners Association of Nigeria, and Dangote Petroleum Refinery.

Chief Executive of the Nigerian Upstream Petroleum Regulatory Commission, Gbenga Komolafe, said the new template will ensure a seamless implementation of the Domestic Crude Oil Supply Obligation (DCSO) and maintain a consistent supply of crude oil to domestic refineries.

He highlighted that the flexibility to transact in either naira or dollars would alleviate pressure on the country’s foreign exchange rate, potentially benefiting the overall economy.

Responding to inquiries regarding the currency of transaction, Komolafe reiterated that payments could be made in either United States dollars or naira, or a combination of both, as agreed upon in the Sales and Purchase Agreement (SPA) between the producer and the refiner.

This flexibility is expected to ease the financial burden on indigenous refineries and support their sustainability in the face of economic challenges.

The decision comes after modular refineries in Nigeria faced threats of shutdown due to difficulties in accessing foreign exchange for crude oil purchases.

These refineries with a combined capacity of producing 200,000 barrels of crude oil daily, struggled to secure dollars for purchasing crude, which is priced in US dollars.

The Crude Oil Refinery Owners Association of Nigeria had previously expressed concerns over the impact of the foreign exchange crisis on their operations.

Furthermore, alongside the announcement regarding crude oil purchases, the government revealed an increase in the country’s crude oil and condensate reserves to 37.5 billion barrels as of January 1, 2024.

Gas reserves also saw an uptick, reaching 209.26 trillion cubic feet during the same period, signifying substantial potential for future exploration and production activities.

As Nigeria navigates its oil and gas landscape, the decision to allow indigenous refineries to purchase crude oil in naira or dollars marks a significant step towards supporting local industry players and promoting economic stability in the sector.

With the potential to enhance operational efficiency and mitigate financial challenges, this policy shift holds promise for the growth and sustainability of Nigeria’s oil refining sector.

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Commodities

Citigroup Predicts $3,000 Value Amidst Investor Surge

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gold bars - Investors King

Citigroup Inc. has predicted that the world’s leading safe haven asset, gold will reach $3,000 per ounce.

This announcement comes amidst a significant surge in investor interest in the precious metal, fueled by a myriad of factors ranging from geopolitical tensions to shifting monetary policies.

Analysts at Citigroup, led by Aakash Doshi, have upgraded their estimates for average gold prices in 2024 to $2,350, with a 40% upward revision in their 2025 prediction to $2,875.

They anticipate that trading will regularly test and surpass the $2,500 price level in the latter half of the year.

The rationale behind Citigroup’s optimistic outlook lies in several key factors. Firstly, the expectation of a Federal Reserve interest rate cut has spurred increased investor inflows into gold as historically low interest rates tend to make non-yielding assets like gold more attractive.

Also, ongoing conflicts in regions such as the Middle East and Ukraine have heightened geopolitical uncertainty, further bolstering gold’s appeal as a safe-haven asset.

Furthermore, central banks, particularly those in emerging markets, have been actively accumulating gold reserves, adding to the overall demand for the precious metal.

China, in particular, has demonstrated robust consumer demand for gold, further underpinning Citigroup’s bullish stance.

According to Citigroup analysts, the resurgence of inflows into gold-backed exchange-traded funds (ETFs) has played a significant role in supporting the climb towards the $3,000 mark.

This trend marks a departure from recent years, where such inflows were relatively subdued.

While Citigroup acknowledges the possibility of a pullback in prices around May or June, they anticipate strong buying support at the $2,200 per ounce threshold, suggesting that any dips in price may be short-lived.

The bank’s forecast aligns with sentiments expressed by other major financial institutions. Goldman Sachs Group Inc., for instance, has raised its year-end forecast for gold to $2,700, citing similar factors driving the commodity’s upward trajectory.

UBS Group AG also sees gold reaching $2,500 by the year’s end, further corroborating the bullish outlook shared by Citigroup.

As investors brace for what could be a historic rally in gold prices, Citigroup’s projection serves as a testament to the growing optimism surrounding the precious metal.

With geopolitical tensions simmering and central banks poised to enact accommodative monetary policies, gold appears poised to shine brightly in the months ahead, potentially realizing Citigroup’s ambitious target of $3,000 per ounce.

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Crude Oil

Oil Prices Dip Amidst Middle East Tensions, Market Reaction Limited

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Oil

Oil prices fell on Monday as market participants reevaluated their risk premiums in the wake of Iran’s weekend attack on Israel, which the Israeli government said caused limited damage.

Brent crude oil, against which Nigerian oil is priced,  dipped by 50 cents, or 0.5%, to $89.95 a barrel while West Texas Intermediate (WTI) oil fell by 52 cents, or 0.6%, to $85.14 a barrel.

The attack, involving over 300 missiles and drones, marked the first assault on Israel from another country in more than three decades. It heightened concerns over a potential broader regional conflict impacting oil traffic through the Middle East.

However, Israel’s Iron Dome defense system intercepted many of the missiles, and the attack resulted in only modest damage and no reported loss of life.

Warren Patterson, head of commodities strategy at ING, noted that the market had largely priced in the potential attack in the days leading up to it. The limited damage and the absence of casualties suggest that Israel’s response may be more measured, which could help stabilize the oil market.

Iran, a major oil producer within OPEC, currently produces over 3 million barrels per day (bpd) of crude oil. The potential risks include stricter enforcement of oil sanctions and the possibility of Israeli targeting of Iran’s energy infrastructure, according to ING.

Nevertheless, OPEC possesses over 5 million bpd of spare production capacity, which could help mitigate any supply disruptions.

Analysts from ANZ Research and Citi Research have suggested that further significant impact on oil prices would require a material disruption to supply, such as constraints on shipping in the Strait of Hormuz. So far, the Israel-Hamas conflict has not had a notable effect on oil supply.

The market remains watchful of Israel’s response to the attack, which could influence the future trajectory of oil prices and broader geopolitical tensions in the region.

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