Telecommunication service providers in Nigeria have announced an impending increase in customer tariffs for calls and data.

The anticipated rise is attributed to the Federal Government’s proposed 12.5% value-added tax on telecommunications, which would represent a 66.67% increase from the current 7.5%.

According to telecom operators, the increase in tax would force them to also increase the tariff charged for consumers’ calls and data.

The Global System for Mobile Communications (GSMA), a non-profit organisation representing the interests of mobile network operators worldwide stated that Nigeria’s telecom industry is already overtaxed. Therefore, any increase in the tax rate would impact customer tariffs.

GSMA declared that the telecommunication industry pays over 50 different taxes to various government arms.

This tax increase is in line with the new Bill reform, which imposes excise duties on technology and consumer services industries, including telecommunications, gaming, gambling, lotteries, and betting services.

As part of a broader tax reform initiative, the proposed Bill aims to unify the fiscal legislation governing taxation in the country.

“A Bill for an Act to Repeal Certain Acts on Taxation and Consolidate the Legal Frameworks relating to Taxation and Enact the Nigeria Tax Act to Provide for Taxation of Income, Transactions, and Instruments, and Related Matters,” the Bill read.

“Services, including telecommunications, gaming, gambling, betting, and lotteries however described, provided in Nigeria shall be charged with duties of excise at the rates specified under the Tenth Schedule to this Act in a manner as may be prescribed by the Service,” the Bill outlined.

“Amount of an excisable transaction is the amount chargeable for the service by the service provider, both in money or money’s worth,” the Bill indicated

In response to the proposed tax reform, the President of the National Association of Telecoms Subscribers, Adeolu Ogunbanjo, expressed concern that the government’s proposal could cripple the telecommunications industry.

“They are essentially trying to kill the industry by imposing more burdens on it,” he stated

MTN Nigeria and other telecommunication companies have requested that the federal government support their plan to increase tariffs to ensure business continuity.

The request was made due to the current economic downturn that has hindered the operations of many companies.

During a panel session at the 30th Nigerian Economic Summit on Tuesday in Abuja, titled Navigating Business Growth in a Volatile Environment, MTN’s Chief Financial Officer (CFO), Modupe Kadri, highlighted that Nigeria’s economy, impacted by foreign exchange fluctuations, has affected the effective functioning of the telecommunications industry, including MTN.

Kadri noted that with the current economic situation, the electricity and fuel sectors have experienced increases.

He therefore said for the telecom sector to remain viable, the federal government must allow similar adjustments in the telecom industry.

According to him, the telecommunications industry is also facing challenges because much of their equipment is heavily import-dependent. Despite this, the sector has not received regulatory approval to adjust its prices for over a decade.

“For ten years now, telecommunication companies haven’t been permitted to increase prices, and this regulation is not providing us with a level playing field to operate. If we are to stay in business, this policy must be reviewed, similar to how electricity and fuel prices are adjusted to reflect current economic realities,” he stated.

“Our business is mainly dependent on foreign exchange, so customers need to understand that for them to receive the services they desire, it costs money,” he added.

He noted that just like the electricity and fuel industries contribute to the nation’s GDP, the telecommunication industry also contributes to the nation’s GDP, and similar measures should be applied across sectors.

“The telecommunications industry contributes 16 percent to the GDP, and it is not something that you can mess around with,” he reiterated.

Kadri therefore sought government intervention to increase tariffs to ensure business continuity.

The Association of Licensed Telecommunications Operators of Nigeria (ALTON) has said telecommunication companies spend 35 percent of their operating expenses on diesel due to the unreliable electricity supply in Nigeria.

According to industry estimates, telecom operators use an average of 40 million liters of diesel per month to power their sites. The price of diesel jumped to N1,406.05 per liter in August 2024, representing a 64.58 percent increase from N854.32 per liter in August 2023, according to the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS).

This implies that the cost of powering Nigeria’s communication infrastructure surged from N34.17 billion in August 2023 to N56.24 billion in August 2024.

Gbenga Adebayo, President of ALTON, confirmed the current diesel consumption, stating, “It will be over that now.” According to Harmanpreet Dhillon, Airtel Nigeria’s chief technical officer, the telco spent N28 billion on diesel in May 2024.

During a media roundtable, Dhillon said that the company was exploring hybrid solutions—lithium batteries and solar—to lower its energy bill.

McKinsey recently noted that companies could save up to 30 percent on energy costs by adopting renewable energy solutions and other technologies.

“The biggest constraint in the telecom industry is high energy cost. If the government had continued to fulfill its part of the bargain it made in the early 2,000s to provide 18 hours of electricity, the heavy logistics and the capital we spend today from powering sites would not be there,” said Adebayo of ALTON.